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大家好，问一个很弱智的问题。。。用了openfoam的sampling surface，输出格式为raw。请问用什么软件处理呢？

@Cav Charin, Amanda HLM, et al. "On the dynamic behavior of rising droplets." International Journal of Multiphase Flow 110 (2019): 165-178.
你好， 请问你知道怎么计算气泡的升阻力吗

用interFoam模拟气泡上升，如何计算气泡的升阻力？文献里是用施加在气泡上的pressure和viscous stress来计算的。请问大神有没有知道如何操作的？用paraview可以直接计算吗？我看到了pressure，但是viscous stress如何计算呢？

最近在模拟有传热情况下额气泡上升问题，求解器为compressibleInterFoam。当连续计算时，出现如下错误，有没有大神指导一下？不胜感激！！
Lookup solver for TFinal
smoothSolver: Solving for T, Initial residual = 0.0076371, Final residual = 8.40008e-09, No Iterations 5
[60] #0 Foam::error::printStack(Foam::Ostream&)[36] #0 Foam::error::printStack(Foam::Ostream&)[15] #0 Foam::error::printStack(Foam::Ostream&) at ??:?
at ??:?
[15] #1 Foam::sigFpe::sigHandler(int)[36] #1 Foam::sigFpe::sigHandler(int) at ??:?
[60] #1 Foam::sigFpe::sigHandler(int) at ??:?
[15] #2 ? at ??:?
[36] #2 ? at ??:?
[60] #2 ?Lookup gradScheme for nHat
Cache: Calculating nHat, originating from alpha.water event No. 624
in /lib64/libc.so.6
[15] #3 in /lib64/libc.so.6
[36] #3 in /lib64/libc.so.6
[60] #3 ???Lookup interpolationScheme for interpolate(nHat)
at ??:?
[15] #4 Foam::H2O::rho(double, double) const at ??:?
[36] #4 Foam::H2O::rho(double, double) const at ??:?
[60] #4 Foam::H2O::rho(double, double) const at ??:?
[15] #5 Foam::species::thermo<Foam::thermophysicalPropertiesSelectorFoam::liquidProperties, Foam::sensibleInternalEnergy>::Es(double, double) const at ??:?
[36] #5 Foam::heThermo<Foam::rhoThermo, Foam::pureMixture<Foam::species::thermo<Foam::thermophysicalPropertiesSelectorFoam::liquidProperties, Foam::sensibleInternalEnergy> > >::he(Foam::GeometricField<double, Foam::fvPatchField, Foam::volMesh> const&, Foam::GeometricField<double, Foam::fvPatchField, Foam::volMesh> const&) const at ??:?
[60] #5 Foam::heThermo<Foam::rhoThermo, Foam::pureMixture<Foam::species::thermo<Foam::thermophysicalPropertiesSelectorFoam::liquidProperties, Foam::sensibleInternalEnergy> > >::he(Foam::GeometricField<double, Foam::fvPatchField, Foam::volMesh> const&, Foam::GeometricField<double, Foam::fvPatchField, Foam::volMesh> const&) const at ??:?
[15] #6 Foam::species::thermo<Foam::thermophysicalPropertiesSelectorFoam::liquidProperties, Foam::sensibleInternalEnergy>::T(double, double, double, double (Foam::species::thermo<Foam::thermophysicalPropertiesSelectorFoam::liquidProperties, Foam::sensibleInternalEnergy>::)(double, double) const, double (Foam::species::thermo<Foam::thermophysicalPropertiesSelectorFoam::liquidProperties, Foam::sensibleInternalEnergy>::)(double, double) const, double (Foam::species::thermo<Foam::thermophysicalPropertiesSelectorFoam::liquidProperties, Foam::sensibleInternalEnergy>::*)(double) const) const at ??:?
[36] #6 Foam::twoPhaseMixtureThermo::correctThermo() at ??:?
[60] #6 Foam::twoPhaseMixtureThermo::correctThermo() at ??:?
[36] #7 at ??:?
[60] #7 at ??:?
[15] #7 Foam::heRhoThermo<Foam::rhoThermo, Foam::pureMixture<Foam::species::thermo<Foam::thermophysicalPropertiesSelectorFoam::liquidProperties, Foam::sensibleInternalEnergy> > >::calculate(Foam::GeometricField<double, Foam::fvPatchField, Foam::volMesh> const&, Foam::GeometricField<double, Foam::fvPatchField, Foam::volMesh>&, Foam::GeometricField<double, Foam::fvPatchField, Foam::volMesh>&, Foam::GeometricField<double, Foam::fvPatchField, Foam::volMesh>&, Foam::GeometricField<double, Foam::fvPatchField, Foam::volMesh>&, Foam::GeometricField<double, Foam::fvPatchField, Foam::volMesh>&, Foam::GeometricField<double, Foam::fvPatchField, Foam::volMesh>&, bool)?? at ??:?
[15] #8 Foam::heRhoThermo<Foam::rhoThermo, Foam::pureMixture<Foam::species::thermo<Foam::thermophysicalPropertiesSelectorFoam::liquidProperties, Foam::sensibleInternalEnergy> > >::correct() at ??:?
[36] #8 __libc_start_main at ??:?
[60] #8 __libc_start_main at ??:?
[15] #9 Foam::twoPhaseMixtureThermo::correctThermo() in /lib64/libc.so.6
[36] #9 in /lib64/libc.so.6
[60] #9 at ??:?
[15] #10 ??? at /home/abuild/rpmbuild/BUILD/glibc-2.22/csu/../sysdeps/x86_64/start.S:121
at /home/abuild/rpmbuild/BUILD/glibc-2.22/csu/../sysdeps/x86_64/start.S:121
at ??:?
[15] #11 __libc_start_main in /lib64/libc.so.6
[15] #12 ? at /home/abuild/rpmbuild/BUILD/glibc-2.22/csu/../sysdeps/x86_64/start.S:121

@桎梏 也可以用不可压缩的算例，不过气泡体积就不会变化了。你可以在interFoam加入能量方程，就可以算啦。

@桎梏 你好，目前还没有相变。求解器的话可以用compressibleInterFoam

@mohui 谢谢！

大家好，单个气泡处于无重力静水中，气泡跟水之间有温差如下图，请问气泡内的温度分布有没有理论解？
谢谢大家！

大家好，下图模型，用blockMeshDict可以建立模型，然后topoSet 和createPatch可以建立速度入口，喷嘴怎么搞呢？非常感谢！

最近在interFoam中添加了传热模型，但是没找到相关的验证算例，有没有推荐的，谢谢！

@东岳
谢谢！这下明白了！

@东岳 谢谢！然后这样并不能切出一个球。。。我试过用contour可以搞出一个球。那第二个图，气泡下边的流线呢？也有sphere?

@buaa_hgj 谢谢！这个是二维截面的，但也很有帮助。

谢谢！如果设置sphere的话，球心代表什么呢？我试了一下，如果放在圆心的话，流线还是很乱，并不能保证在气泡内。第二幅图也是用sphere做出来的吗？

大家好，想请教一下各位大神，下图中的流线图是怎么用paraview画出来的？试了很多次，paraview里的stream trace一直掌握不好，或者有没有大神推荐个教程之类的。谢谢各位！！

@MrZZQi 在 mDot 与 mDotAlpha 中说：

mDotAlpha里额外除一个体积分数，或者是重写相方程，不用mDo

非常感谢！

@MrZZQi 你好，目前这个问题我还没有解决。在忙别的事情了。。。

@东岳
在interfaceProperties.C中编程如下
fvc::interpolate(fvc::grad(sigma) - fvc::grad(alpha)*(fvc::grad(alpha)&fvc::grad (sigma))*mag(fvc::grad (sigma))) & mesh.Sf()
将此项添加到速度和压力方程。其中当计算压力项时发散了。

@东岳 是的。在VOF动量方程添加。n 是 后两项，我的想法是fvc::snGrad(sigma) - fvc::snGrad(alpha)*(fvc::snGrad(alpha)&fvc::snGrad (sigma))，但是编译一直不成功。

想研究一下surface tension gradient